Production of Biochar with Torrefied Wood
| Bioenergy Product | TW | Biochar | |
| Superheated Steam Drying at Atmospheric Pressure | |||
| Wood for TW & Biochar | 50,000 | 50,000 | lbs per hour |
| Moisture Content | 50% | 50% | MC |
| Water in Wood | 25,000 | 25,000 | lbs/hr |
| Bone Dry Wood | 25,000 | 25,000 | lbs/hr |
| Moisture Content after Drying | 8% | 20% | MC |
| Wood for TW & Biochar | 27,174 | 31,250 | lbs/hr |
| Water Removed in Dryer | 22,826 | 18,750 | lbs/hr |
| Heat Load for Drying | 1,500.85 | 1,500.85 | Btu/lb water |
| Total Heat Load for Drying | 34.3 | 28.1 | MMBtu/hr |
| Torrefaction & Carbonization | |||
| Wood for TW & Biochar | 27,174 | 31,250 | lbs/hr |
| Heat Load for Torrefaction | 2.87 | MMBtu/hr | |
| Yield from Bone Dry Wood | 80% | 60% | |
| TW & Biochar Production | 20,000 | 15,000 | lbs/hr |
| Heating Value | 9,500 | 11,000 | Btu/lb |
| Heat Content of Product | 190 | 165 | MMBtu/hr |
| Heat Load for Drying | 34.26 | 28.14 | MMBtu/hr |
| Heat Load for Torrefaction & Carbonization | 2.87 | self fueled | MMBtu/hr |
| Total Heat Load | 37.13 | 28.14 | MMBtu/hr |
Cost Comparison
| Bioenergy Product | 50/50 TW / Biochar | TW | Biochar | |
| Wood for TW & Biochar | 100,000 | 100,000 | 100,000 | lbs per hour |
| Moisture Content | 50% | 50% | 50% | MC |
| Bone Dry Wood | 50,000 | 50,000 | 50,000 | lbs per hour |
| Yield of TW / Biochar | 80% / 60% | 80% | 60% | |
| TW & Biochar Production | 35,000 | 40,000 | 30,000 | lbs per hour |
| Heating Value | 10,143 | 9,500 | 11,000 | Btu/lb |
| 355 | 380 | 330 | MMBtu/hr | |
| Product Value at $8 per MMBtu | $ 2,840 | $ 3,040 | $ 2,640 | $ per hour |
| $ 162 | $ 152 | $ 176 | $ per ton product | |
| Major Variable Production Costs | ||||
| Wood for TW & Biochar | $ 30.00 | $ 30.00 | $ 30.00 | $ per ton |
| $ 1,500 | $ 1,500 | $ 1,500 | $ per hour | |
| Process Heat | 65 | 74 | 56 | MMBtu/hr |
| Fuel Cost | $ 8 | $ 8 | $ 8 | $ per MBtu |
| $ 522 | $ 594 | $ 450 | $ per hour | |
| Feedstock + Process Heat | $ 2,022 | $ 2,094 | $ 1,950 | $ per hour |
| $ 116 | $ 105 | $ 130 | $ per ton product | |
| Net | $ 818 | $ 946 | $ 690 | $ per hour |
| $ 2.30 | $ 2.49 | $ 2.09 | $ per MMBtu | |
| $ 46.73 | $ 47.30 | $ 45.98 | $ per ton product |
